$9.93
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This is a very finely ground and extra white powder from France sold by the supplier as a material to make gesso, a painting ground. The supplier also says it's an ideal material to use with a natural glue (such as rabbit skin glue) to make a ground ("bole") for water gilding. French chalk is also known as calcium carbonate, whiting, calcite, marble or limestone powder.
In times past, prior to the late 1800's "French Chalk" referred to talc (magnesium silicate). These days it refers to calcium carbonate which is accurate since chalk is calcium carbonate. This grade of calcium carbonate will be found to be denser than the more common calcium carbonates used for everything from filler in resins to an ingredient in house paint and cement (see below).
The higher density comes from the finer particles to which it's ground. The name "French Talc" is sometimes used by tailors to refer to a soft talc used for marking fabrics. Chalk and talc are two completely different materials. They are both white powders but chemically they are not the same. Chalk is harder than talc. Talc has a "slippery" or "greasy" feel. "Talc" is magnesium silicate, "Chalk" is calcium carbonate. Some talcs were found to contain asbestos several years ago, depending on where it was mined. There is no danger of that with calcium carbonate.
The art materials database, CAMEO has an entry for "French Chalk" { http://cameo.mfa.org/wiki/French_chalk }:
"Common name for magnesium silicate (talc) prior to the 19th century. The name French talc is still occasionally used for a very soft talc which tailors use for marking fabrics. French chalk is also dusted between book leaves prior to gilding and is used as a sorbent for removing grease spots on paper and clothing."
The white sticks used on blackboards called "chalk" is neither actual chalk or talc. It is gypsum which is chemically calcium sulfate. Historically, although they be named differently, chalk has been found in 42,000 year old cave paintings. Gypsum has been found in the ancient Egyptian pyramids used as an ingredient in mortar (and is still used for many things like plaster, gypsum cement, and pastels for drawing.
The source for most calcium carbonate is the mineral limestone (also chalk, marble, and travertine, which is ground to various particle sizes and purified to varying degrees for whiteness. Widely used as a filler in many products, it is whiter and more opaque than other fillers. It has a great many other uses, from construction to pharmaceuticals. The Wiki article is a good one and is here:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium_carbonate
The article touches on it's use as a filler and extender for both thermoplastic and thermoset polymers:
"Calcium carbonate is a chemical compound with the formula CaCO3. It is a common substance found in rocks as the minerals calcite and aragonite (most notably as limestone, which contains both of those minerals) and is the main component of pearls and the shells of marine organisms, snails, and eggs. Calcium carbonate is the active ingredient in agricultural lime and is created when calcium ions in hard water react with carbonate ions to create limescale. It is medicinally used as a calcium supplement or as an antacid, but excessive consumption can be hazardous....Calcite, aragonite and vaterite are pure calcium carbonate minerals. Industrially important source rocks which are predominantly calcium carbonate include limestone, chalk, marble and travertine.....The main use of calcium carbonate is in the construction industry, either as a building material or limestone aggregate for road building or as an ingredient of cement or as the starting material for the preparation of builder's lime by burning in a kiln. However, because of weathering mainly caused by acid rain, calcium carbonate (in limestone form) is no longer used for building purposes on its own, but only as a raw/primary substance for building materials...[used] In the oil industry..as a raw material in the refining of sugar from sugar beet...as a filler in paper...as an extender in paints...a popular filler in plastics...as a white paint, known as whitewashing...in ceramics/glazing applications...as scouring powder...as a food additive...a gastric antacid...agricultural lime."-
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