$3.75
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Please note this is a raw pigment intended to be dispersed into a liquid medium to make paints. Our raw pigments are not meant for use in cosmetics and are not cosmetic grade. Certain pigments disperse more easily than others in certain liquid mediums. For those difficult to disperse into a liquid of your choice, they will need to be ground by a muller or a mortar and pestle into the medium.
Safety note: Handle all dry pigments with care. Work slowly to avoid generating airborne dust and wear a dust mask for extra protection. Also avoid getting the dust all over your hands. Latex gloves are good at providing skin protection without "getting in the way".
Burnt Umber is an iron oxide/clay derived pigment. The supplier doesn't specify if the pigment in this listing is synthetic, natural, or a blend of both. I'd guess that it's at least partly synthetic. "Umber" is a general name for a brown pigment consisting primarily of iron oxide and manganese oxide. Raw umber is the name for umber that has not been calcined (heated to a high temperature) and burnt umber is the name for umber that has been calcined. Calcining umber creates a darker reddish, richer brown (it removes the chemically bound water content). Both umbers consist of about 50 to 60% iron oxide, 10 to 15% manganese oxide, and the rest silica and aluminum oxide. This is used both as a paint pigment and a ceramic pigment (in darkening clay bodies and glazes). It differs somewhat from pure iron oxide earth colors partially because of the dark manganese oxide content (which is a very dark brown, tending to black color). The shade of brown can vary depending on the source, the natural umbers being naturally more variable. It's been used for 75 or more millennia as a pigment, along with other colors of iron oxide, which is an common substance on Earth. Its prehistoric abundance in caves and cave paintings is well known, as is its use in ancient Egypt and other cultures from antiquity. The Wiki article on umber is more comprehensive than some of the pigment articles I've come across recently, and is here:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umber
"The name comes from terra d'ombra, or earth of Umbria, the Italian name of the pigment. Umbria is a mountainous region in central Italy where the pigment was originally extracted. The word also may be related to the Latin word Umbra......Umber is not one precise color, but a range of different colors, from medium to dark, from yellowish to reddish to grayish. The color of the natural earth depends upon the amount of iron oxide and manganese in the clay.....Umber was one of the first pigments used by humans; it is found along with carbon black, red and yellow ocher in cave paintings from the neolithic period....The great age of umber was the baroque period, where it often provided the dark shades in the chiaroscuro (light-dark) style of painting. It was an important part of the palette of Caravaggio (1571–1610) and Rembrandt (1606–1669). Rembrandt used it as an important element of his rich and complex browns, and he also took advantage of its other qualities; it dried more quickly than other browns, and therefore he often used it as a ground so he could work more quickly, or mixed it with other pigments to speed up the drying process.[6] The Dutch artist Johannes Vermeer used umber to create shadows on whitewashed walls that were warmer and more harmonious than those created with black pigment.....In the 20th century, natural umber pigments began to be replaced by pigments made with synthetic iron oxide and manganese oxide. Natural umber pigments are still being made, with Cyprus as a prominent source."
The Wiki article includes a passage that applies to others in the "earth" or iron oxide containing pigments, such as sienna:
"Umber is not one precise color, but a range of different colors, from medium to dark, from yellowish to reddish to grayish. The color of the natural earth depends upon the amount of iron oxide and manganese in the clay. Umber earth pigments contain between five and twenty percent manganese oxide, which accounts for their being a darker color than yellow ochre or sienna. Commercial colors vary depending upon the manufacturer or the color list. Not all umber pigments contain natural earths; some contain synthetic iron and manganese oxide, indicated on the label."
There's a very interesting article on burnt umber here titled "Is burnt umber evil?":
http://www.americanartistinrome.com/plog/2013/10/08/is-burnt-umber-evil/
"Also around that time I was having a series of phone conversations with some of the employees at Kremer in Germany and was advised not to use umbers at all (burnt or raw) in that they tend to creep to the surface (I’m paraphrasing), and unfortunately I didn’t ask for an explanation with regard to the chemistry... In a follow-up phone call I decided to get his analysis of burnt umber and, in my effort to keep the question as succinct as possible, I decided to phrase the question with a touch of drama: 'Is burnt umber evil?'....In essence, his opinion was to keep it simple....He did suggest the importance of stand oil as a binder & medium with such a color in that it helps to keep the pigment particles even as they dry. He went on to say, 'Changes in surface appearance may enhance the aesthetic within a painting – but that understanding can alter over time just as the organic composition of all oil paint layers can change'.....Well, low and behold, that night I read the following from Caravaggio and Paintings of Realism in Malta by Roberta Lapucci: 'In 1681 Filippo Baldinucci defines burnt umber as "a natural colour, of dark hair tonality, used to paint and to put in the priming layers of canvas and panel paintings. This is held by the best painters to be an evil color; it has such a desiccative power that is does not work well in the priming layers and in the oil layers also due to the other poor qualities, it makes colours change; which is why it fooled many artists, who used it in their canvases, even those who were very good in colour rendering’.' (Yes, it reads 'evil'! It was a Twilight Zone moment.)"
A little information on the use of umber in ceramics: The Digital Fire ceramics database says:
https://digitalfire.com/4sight/material/burnt_umber_151.html
"Umber is a hydrated iron oxide that also contains significant manganese, calcia and silica. The calcined for (burnt) form has a higher proportion of iron. The material is used to darken the fired color of clay bodies. Burnt umber can be any of a variety of natural and synthetic iron oxides. A variety of impurities are common (especially manganese).
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1-2 business days
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Mar 27, 2024
Great quality and smooth pigment, shipped fast! :)
Kai
Sep 17, 2023
These pigments are wonderful. I used varying amounts mixed into water, then mixed into sand mix concrete (gray). The more pigment, the more concentrated the color is. 50g Yellow ochre lasted for many many of my pavers. Purple on the other hand, 50g made it into 4 pavers. 50g of burnt umber went into 1 small paver. I would definitely recommend experimenting with these
Vicki Langer
Jul 28, 2023
Wonderful color - making rocks to set around the barbeque
Kerrie Stansfield
Jul 19, 2023
Joseph
Jul 18, 2023
Made beautiful water color paint with some honey, water, glycerin and a little work.
James
