$3.10
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It is said that Van Dyke Brown Pigment was used by the painter Anthony Van Dyke in many of his paintings. It's a hard pigment to pin down. It's not just one compound, it's a mixture of several. It becomes easier if you don't focus on the ingredients (which can be highly variable) and instead consider the desired end result which is a variably transparent dark brown, tending towards brown-black which has at the same time some transparency (which can produce light browns in watercolors).
This pigment is unique. It was used in watercolors especially to showcase the transparency and a range of light to dark brown shades. It was also used in oils, of course.
The ingredients of this supplier's version which we carry are: Bituminous Coal (!), Talc, Magnesium Carbonate, Umber, Sienna, and quartz (see below's safety section). The purpose was sometimes to give a variably transparent, or atmospheric shrouded look, earthy mist, or other atmospheric looks. Check out "Voigtlander pinhole" by Van Dyke { http://www.webexhibits.org/pigments/indiv/overview/vandyke.html } for a foggy brown. On the other hand Van Dyke used it in his many portraits to transition all the shades of brown-black shadows behind his subjects, which were often outdoor scenes.
One source says Van dyke brown it is a permanent, lightfast and transparent pigment. Another source says that it not very lightfast at all. I think goal of the modern concoctions is to give it stability. Who wants paintings that fade away in a couple of years?
The earliest versions were composed of iron oxide rich earth, peat, peat or soil, and other organic matter. Also known as Cassel or Cologne Earth after the area in Germany where it's ingredients originally came from.
Versions today more often have brown coal, brownish iron oxide derived colors such as umbers and siennas, and quartz to lend transparency.
Different varieties of coal are used. Lignite coal is the brownest, and bituminous is a darker brown.
The Museum of Fine Arts in Boston created the online art materials database CAMEO. Here's their two cents:
"Vandyke Brown, also known as Cassel earth, is a brown, organic Humus, Peat, or Coal that contains iron oxides. It was first used in the 17th century and is still in use. Early sources for Vandyke brown were from the Cologne and Kassel regions of Germany with the regional source providing the pigment name. The brown earth has since been obtained from various localities each of which may differ slightly in color and composition. To add to this confusion some pigments labeled Vandyke brown were bituminous while others were synthetically made from from Carbon black and iron oxide mixtures. When natural Vandyke brown is ignited, the pigment leaves a soft gray residue. It is not soluble in petroleum solvents. The colorant has poor lightfastness and fades on exposure to UV radiation.
It should be pointed out that coal dust (which this pigment contains) is very flammable and even explosive if dispersed in the air in a closed space with a source of ignition. Fires and explosions in underground coal mines surely fit that description, although they could be caused by two conditions 1) Coal dust in the air, or 2) Methane gas (which can collect in fissures in coal seams. Be careful not to move quickly when dispensing this pigment which will minimize particles getting airborne and don't breathe any dust. Wear a dust mask!
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Mar 9, 2024
Item as described and fast shipping.
Vera Baker
Jun 23, 2023
Laura Matthews
Apr 16, 2023
R
Feb 25, 2023
Great seller and quality pigment. Well packaged and fairly priced.
jonathanhenne34
Feb 25, 2023
quick shipping and much more than you'd expect in such a small plastic bag!
Sarah Howard